Medicine for alzheimer - Aug 30, 2022 · Antipsychotic medications can treat dementia symptoms such as aggression or psychosis. But these drugs can cause serious side effects. ... Alzheimer’s disease is the most common form of dementia ...

 
The Alzheimer's Association can help you learn more about MCI as well as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and help you find local support services. Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900. Locate a support group in your community. Join our online community. . Missing 2023 showtimes near cmx merritt square 16 and imax

Alzheimer’s Treatment and Support. While there are currently no treatments available to slow or stop the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease, several medications can temporarily help improve the symptoms of dementia for some people. These medications work by increasing neurotransmitters in the brain. Aug 25, 2021 · Allow the medicine a few weeks to take effect. It is recommended that people with Alzheimer's should NOT take anticholinergic drugs. These drugs are used to treat many medical problems such as sleeping problems, stomach cramps, incontinence, asthma, motion sickness, and muscle spasms. Side effects, such as confusion, can be serious for a person ... Compare risks and benefits of common medications used for Alzheimer's Disease. Find the most popular drugs, view ratings and user reviews. Feb 29, 2020 · Alzheimer disease (AD) is one of the greatest medical care challenges of our century and is the main cause of dementia. In total, 40 million people are estimated to suffer from dementia throughout the world, and this number is supposed to become twice as much every 20 years, until approximately 2050. 1. Aug 30, 2023 · Some of the treatments that have been studied recently include: Vitamin E. Although vitamin E doesn't prevent Alzheimer's, taking 2,000 international units daily may help delay symptoms getting worse in people who ... Omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids in fish or from supplements may lower the ... Aug 30, 2023 · Three cholinesterase inhibitors are commonly prescribed: Donepezil (Aricept) is approved to treat all stages of the disease. It's taken once a day as a pill. Galantamine (Razadyne) is approved to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's. It's taken as a pill once a day or as an... Rivastigmine (Exelon) is ... Nov 29, 2022 · The experimental drug lecanemab shows “potential” as an Alzheimer’s disease treatment, according to new Phase 3 trial results, but the findings raise some safety concerns because of its ... Jul 17, 2023 · These drugs target amyloid, a sticky protein that piles up in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s. The arrival of this new treatment approach marks a turning point in what has been a long ... Nov 15, 2020 · Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by two neuropathological hallmarks: extracellular deposition of amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment for AD (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and memantine) is only symptomatic and has modest benefits. New research findings give reason for hope, and several drugs are being studied in clinical trials to determine if they can slow the progress of the disease or improve memory for a period of time. There are some medications available to assist in managing some of the most troubling symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, including the following ... May 17, 2017 · Hallucinations involve hearing, seeing, smelling, or feeling things that are not really there. For example, a person with Alzheimer's may see children playing in the living room when no children exist. Delusions are false beliefs that the person thinks are real. For example, the person may think his or her spouse is in love with someone else. Jun 1, 2018 · Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. In 2016, an estimated 5.2 million Americans age 65 and older had Alzheimer disease. The prevalence is projected to increase to 13.8 million by 2050, including 7 million people age 85 and older. 1. Although no cure for dementia exists, several cognition-enhancing drugs have been approved by ... Jun 7, 2021 · Dr. Richard Isaacson, director of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Clinic at Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian in New York, who had patients in the original aducanumab clinical studies ... Accelerating Alzheimer's Research and Drug Development. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Program for Alzheimer's Disease (AMP® AD) is a precompetitive partnership among government, industry, and nonprofit organizations to transform the current model for developing new diagnostics and treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Jul 7, 2023 · The US Food and Drug Administration on Thursday granted traditional full approval to the Alzheimer’s drug Leqembi, the first medicine proven to slow the course of the memory-robbing disease. These medicines include: Donepezil ( Aricept) Galantamine ( Razadyne, Razadyne ER, Reminyl) Rivastigmine ( Exelon) What to expect: Most people with Alzheimer’s who take one of these medications ... Jul 7, 2023 · The US Food and Drug Administration on Thursday granted traditional full approval to the Alzheimer’s drug Leqembi, the first medicine proven to slow the course of the memory-robbing disease. Sep 28, 2022 · Biogen Inc. headquarters are shown March 11, 2020, in Cambridge, Mass. Shares of Biogen and other drugmakers researching Alzheimer’s disease soared early Wednesday, Sept. 28, 2022, after Japan’s Eisai Co. said its potential treatment appeared to slow the fatal disease’s progress in a late-stage study. Over-the-counter Drug as Treatment for Alzheimer's. Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) may prevent or significantly delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Scientifically reviewed by: Dr. Gary Gonzalez, MD, in January 2021. Written by: Terri Mitchell and Amber Needham. Jan 6, 2023 · Alzheimer’s is the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most drugs approved by the FDA for Alzheimer’s are aimed at helping ... Jul 17, 2023 · These drugs target amyloid, a sticky protein that piles up in the brains of people with Alzheimer’s. The arrival of this new treatment approach marks a turning point in what has been a long ... For managing cough and cold symptoms, non-drug treatments like fluids, rest, good nutrition, hot tea with honey, and chicken soup are preferred. 5. Seek medical attention when needed. Symptoms should improve within seven days. If symptoms persist or worsen, seek attention from a healthcare provider right away. Jun 1, 2020 · Whether you’re caring for someone with Alzheimer’s disease or another dementia diagnosis, medication can help keep individuals calm and reduce their stress and anxiety. Let’s take a closer look at the different types of drugs that are used in Alzheimer’s care and other dementia cases. Preventing Pain Jun 7, 2021 · June 07, 2021. Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Aduhelm (aducanumab) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s, a debilitating disease affecting 6.2 million Americans. Aduhelm was ... Aug 30, 2023 · A person with Alzheimer's disease may not be able to: Tell someone about being in pain. Explain symptoms of another illness. Follow a treatment plan. Explain medicine side effects. As Alzheimer's disease moves into its last stages, brain changes begin to affect physical functions. Sep 28, 2022 · Biogen Inc. headquarters are shown March 11, 2020, in Cambridge, Mass. Shares of Biogen and other drugmakers researching Alzheimer’s disease soared early Wednesday, Sept. 28, 2022, after Japan’s Eisai Co. said its potential treatment appeared to slow the fatal disease’s progress in a late-stage study. Jan 6, 2023 · Alzheimer’s is the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most drugs approved by the FDA for Alzheimer’s are aimed at helping ... Some of the treatments that have been studied recently include: Vitamin E. Although vitamin E doesn't prevent Alzheimer's, taking 2,000 international units daily may help delay symptoms getting worse in people who ... Omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids in fish or from supplements may lower the ...These medicines include: Donepezil ( Aricept) Galantamine ( Razadyne, Razadyne ER, Reminyl) Rivastigmine ( Exelon) What to expect: Most people with Alzheimer’s who take one of these medications ... Successful clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for Alzheimer's disease could significantly impact the future of Alzheimer's disease treatment and public health. If clinical trials demonstrate that MSC therapy is a safe and effective treatment option for Alzheimer's, it could provide a new and promising avenue for treating the ... Jun 1, 2020 · Whether you’re caring for someone with Alzheimer’s disease or another dementia diagnosis, medication can help keep individuals calm and reduce their stress and anxiety. Let’s take a closer look at the different types of drugs that are used in Alzheimer’s care and other dementia cases. Preventing Pain Aug 30, 2023 · Three cholinesterase inhibitors are commonly prescribed: Donepezil (Aricept) is approved to treat all stages of the disease. It's taken once a day as a pill. Galantamine (Razadyne) is approved to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's. It's taken as a pill once a day or as an... Rivastigmine (Exelon) is ... Accelerating Alzheimer's Research and Drug Development. The Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Program for Alzheimer's Disease (AMP® AD) is a precompetitive partnership among government, industry, and nonprofit organizations to transform the current model for developing new diagnostics and treatments for Alzheimer's disease. Jan 6, 2023 · The newly approved drug, Leqembi, should be used only for patients in early and mild stages of Alzheimer’s disease, matching the status of patients in its clinical trials, the F.D.A. label says. Jan 6, 2023 · The newly approved drug, Leqembi, should be used only for patients in early and mild stages of Alzheimer’s disease, matching the status of patients in its clinical trials, the F.D.A. label says. Jun 7, 2021 · The FDA approved Biogen's Alzheimer's disease drug aducanumab. It's the first drug cleared by U.S. regulators to slow cognitive decline in people living with Alzheimer's and the first new medicine ... Huperzine A. Huperzine A (pronounced HOOP-ur-zeen) is a moss extract that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. It has properties similar to those of cholinesterase inhibitors, one class of FDA-approved Alzheimer's medications. As a result, it is promoted as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Jul 26, 2023 · CNN —. In early July, the US Food and Drug Administration granted traditional full approval of Leqembi (lecanemab-irmb) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first ... These medicines include: Donepezil ( Aricept) Galantamine ( Razadyne, Razadyne ER, Reminyl) Rivastigmine ( Exelon) What to expect: Most people with Alzheimer’s who take one of these medications ... Jul 17, 2023 · 03:23 - Source: CNN. CNN —. The full approval this month of the Alzheimer’s drug Leqembi marked a historic shift in the treatment of the disease: For the first time, doctors have a medicine to ... Jun 1, 2018 · Alzheimer disease is the most common form of dementia. In 2016, an estimated 5.2 million Americans age 65 and older had Alzheimer disease. The prevalence is projected to increase to 13.8 million by 2050, including 7 million people age 85 and older. 1. Although no cure for dementia exists, several cognition-enhancing drugs have been approved by ... Jan 6, 2023 · Alzheimer’s is the seventh-leading cause of death in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Most drugs approved by the FDA for Alzheimer’s are aimed at helping ... Jun 22, 2021 · The eye-popping $56,000 price tag on Biogen’s newly approved Alzheimer’s medication has generated significant debate on the value of a drug not yet proven to slow the mind-robbing disease. The Alzheimer's Association can help you learn more about MCI as well as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and help you find local support services. Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900. Locate a support group in your community. Join our online community. Jun 7, 2021 · Dr. Richard Isaacson, director of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Clinic at Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian in New York, who had patients in the original aducanumab clinical studies ... In Western medicine, dementia refers to a spectrum of diseases affecting cognition, mental health, and physical abilities. Ancient medical literatures of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) also recorded dementia-like symptoms, but described the disease from a totally distinct theoretical point of vi … Jan 6, 2023 · Lecanemab is an investigational drug for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease developed jointly by pharmaceutical companies Eisai and Biogen. Lecanemab is a type of drug called a monoclonal ... Jun 7, 2021 · The FDA approved Biogen's Alzheimer's disease drug aducanumab. It's the first drug cleared by U.S. regulators to slow cognitive decline in people living with Alzheimer's and the first new medicine ... Aug 30, 2023 · Omega-3 fatty acids in fish or from supplements may lower the risk of developing dementia. But clinical studies have shown no benefit for treating Alzheimer's disease symptoms. Curcumin. This herb comes from turmeric and has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties that might affect chemical processes in the brain. These medicines include: Donepezil ( Aricept) Galantamine ( Razadyne, Razadyne ER, Reminyl) Rivastigmine ( Exelon) What to expect: Most people with Alzheimer’s who take one of these medications ... Jun 7, 2021 · Dr. William Burke goes over a PET brain scan in 2018 at Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Phoenix. The drug company Biogen has received federal approval for a medicine to treat early Alzheimer's ... Aug 30, 2023 · Some of the treatments that have been studied recently include: Vitamin E. Although vitamin E doesn't prevent Alzheimer's, taking 2,000 international units daily may help delay symptoms getting worse in people who ... Omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 fatty acids in fish or from supplements may lower the ... Create a calm place for them. Cut out background noise from the TV or radio, clear away clutter, and make their daily tasks as simple as possible. Check for physical reasons they might be agitated ... May 12, 2023 · Drug approval process for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Alzheimer Society of Canada. Get the full picture of how a drug gets approved for public use in Canada, including a list of the currently approved medications that can treat the symptoms of Alzheimer's. Treatment options. Alzheimer Society of Canada. Sep 28, 2022 · Biogen Inc. headquarters are shown March 11, 2020, in Cambridge, Mass. Shares of Biogen and other drugmakers researching Alzheimer’s disease soared early Wednesday, Sept. 28, 2022, after Japan’s Eisai Co. said its potential treatment appeared to slow the fatal disease’s progress in a late-stage study. Jul 15, 2021 · We should remember that the other FDA-approved medications for Alzheimer's can also be helpful (such as donepezil, galantamine, and rivastigmine), as can controlling blood pressure, engaging in aerobic exercise, eating a Mediterranean menu of foods, staying socially active, keeping a positive attitude, and using memory strategies. Alzheimer’s Treatment and Support. While there are currently no treatments available to slow or stop the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease, several medications can temporarily help improve the symptoms of dementia for some people. These medications work by increasing neurotransmitters in the brain. Huperzine A. Huperzine A (pronounced HOOP-ur-zeen) is a moss extract that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for centuries. It has properties similar to those of cholinesterase inhibitors, one class of FDA-approved Alzheimer's medications. As a result, it is promoted as a treatment for Alzheimer's disease. Jan 6, 2023 · The newly approved drug, Leqembi, should be used only for patients in early and mild stages of Alzheimer’s disease, matching the status of patients in its clinical trials, the F.D.A. label says. 3 commonly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors: Aricept (donepezil) is approved for all stages of Alzheimer’s. Exelon (rivastigmine) is approved for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s. Razadyne (galantamine) is approved for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and increased frequency of bowel ... Over-the-counter Drug as Treatment for Alzheimer's. Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) may prevent or significantly delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Scientifically reviewed by: Dr. Gary Gonzalez, MD, in January 2021. Written by: Terri Mitchell and Amber Needham. Jun 29, 2012 · Alzheimer's disease is an age-associated, irreversible, progressive neurodegenerative disease that is characterized by severe memory loss, unusual behavior, personality changes, and a decline in cognitive function. No cure for Alzheimer's exists, and the drugs currently available to treat the disease have limited effectiveness. Jan 9, 2023 · A trial found the drug slowed the progression of early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. Subscribe to newsletters. Subscribe for $39.99/year ... has significant potential for research into treatment of ... Current Alzheimer's treatments temporarily improve symptoms of memory loss and problems with thinking and reasoning. These Alzheimer's treatments boost the performance of chemicals in the brain that carry information from one brain cell to another. They include cholinesterase inhibitors and the medicine memantine (Namenda).Jul 26, 2023 · CNN —. In early July, the US Food and Drug Administration granted traditional full approval of Leqembi (lecanemab-irmb) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first ... Preclinical stage. Changes in the brain begin years before a person shows any signs of the disease. This time period is called preclinical Alzheimer disease and it can last for years. Mild, early stage. Symptoms at this stage include mild forgetfulness. This may seem like the mild forgetfulness that often comes with aging. Successful clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for Alzheimer's disease could significantly impact the future of Alzheimer's disease treatment and public health. If clinical trials demonstrate that MSC therapy is a safe and effective treatment option for Alzheimer's, it could provide a new and promising avenue for treating the ... Aug 25, 2021 · Allow the medicine a few weeks to take effect. It is recommended that people with Alzheimer's should NOT take anticholinergic drugs. These drugs are used to treat many medical problems such as sleeping problems, stomach cramps, incontinence, asthma, motion sickness, and muscle spasms. Side effects, such as confusion, can be serious for a person ... Jul 26, 2023 · CNN —. In early July, the US Food and Drug Administration granted traditional full approval of Leqembi (lecanemab-irmb) for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). This is the first ... Successful clinical trials of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) therapy for Alzheimer's disease could significantly impact the future of Alzheimer's disease treatment and public health. If clinical trials demonstrate that MSC therapy is a safe and effective treatment option for Alzheimer's, it could provide a new and promising avenue for treating the ... The Alzheimer's Association can help you learn more about MCI as well as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, and help you find local support services. Call our 24/7 Helpline: 800.272.3900. Locate a support group in your community. Join our online community. May 17, 2017 · Hallucinations involve hearing, seeing, smelling, or feeling things that are not really there. For example, a person with Alzheimer's may see children playing in the living room when no children exist. Delusions are false beliefs that the person thinks are real. For example, the person may think his or her spouse is in love with someone else. Create a calm place for them. Cut out background noise from the TV or radio, clear away clutter, and make their daily tasks as simple as possible. Check for physical reasons they might be agitated ... Jun 22, 2021 · The eye-popping $56,000 price tag on Biogen’s newly approved Alzheimer’s medication has generated significant debate on the value of a drug not yet proven to slow the mind-robbing disease. Create a calm place for them. Cut out background noise from the TV or radio, clear away clutter, and make their daily tasks as simple as possible. Check for physical reasons they might be agitated ... Jun 7, 2021 · Dr. William Burke goes over a PET brain scan in 2018 at Banner Alzheimer's Institute in Phoenix. The drug company Biogen has received federal approval for a medicine to treat early Alzheimer's ... Apr 8, 2021 · It is hoped that these medicinal plants can be used in drug discovery programs for identifying safe and efficacious small molecules for AD. Keywords: herbs, Alzheimer’s disease, neurodegeneration, ashwagandha, brahmi, cat’s claw, ginkgo biloba, gotu kola, lion’s mane, saffron, shankhpushpi, turmeric, triphala. 1. Alzheimer’s Treatment and Support. While there are currently no treatments available to slow or stop the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease, several medications can temporarily help improve the symptoms of dementia for some people. These medications work by increasing neurotransmitters in the brain. A $350 million increase for Alzheimer’s and dementia research funding at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) was signed into law, bringing the annual funding to $2.8 billion. An additional $10 million was also approved for the BOLD Infrastructure for Alzheimer’s Act.

Nov 15, 2020 · Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by two neuropathological hallmarks: extracellular deposition of amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment for AD (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and memantine) is only symptomatic and has modest benefits. . Hydrocodone acetaminophen 10 325

medicine for alzheimer

Alzheimer’s Treatment and Support. While there are currently no treatments available to slow or stop the brain damage caused by Alzheimer’s disease, several medications can temporarily help improve the symptoms of dementia for some people. These medications work by increasing neurotransmitters in the brain. The popularly recommended homeopathic remedies for Alzheimer’s disease are Anacardium, Cannabis Indica, Medorrhinum, Ignatia and Kali Phos. Anacardium is a suitable remedy for marked forgetfulness. Sudden diminution of memory of what a person has just seen, just listened to or names of people surrounding him appears. Fig 1. Aetiology of Alzheimer's disease with therapeutic targets. A – secretase enzyme inhibitors; B – NMDA receptor modulators, eg memantine; C – immunotherapy, including immunisation and direct anti-amyloid therapy, including monoclonal antibodies; D – anti-tau therapy; E – anti-inflammatory treatments, including NSAIDs; F ... Aug 25, 2021 · Allow the medicine a few weeks to take effect. It is recommended that people with Alzheimer's should NOT take anticholinergic drugs. These drugs are used to treat many medical problems such as sleeping problems, stomach cramps, incontinence, asthma, motion sickness, and muscle spasms. Side effects, such as confusion, can be serious for a person ... Nov 15, 2020 · Alzheimer Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by two neuropathological hallmarks: extracellular deposition of amyloid plaques and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles. Current treatment for AD (donepezil, galantamine, rivastigmine and memantine) is only symptomatic and has modest benefits. New research findings give reason for hope, and several drugs are being studied in clinical trials to determine if they can slow the progress of the disease or improve memory for a period of time. There are some medications available to assist in managing some of the most troubling symptoms of Alzheimer's disease, including the following ... Apr 23, 2022 · Unfortunately, the short answer is no—mood stabilizers have not been found effective for treating dementia, and some may even cause harm. Several different medications—many of which are anticonvulsants (drugs to reduce seizures)—are classified as mood stabilizers. In general, research has not supported widespread use of mood stabilizers ... Over-the-counter Drug as Treatment for Alzheimer's. Ibuprofen and other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDS) may prevent or significantly delay the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. Scientifically reviewed by: Dr. Gary Gonzalez, MD, in January 2021. Written by: Terri Mitchell and Amber Needham. Aug 30, 2023 · Three cholinesterase inhibitors are commonly prescribed: Donepezil (Aricept) is approved to treat all stages of the disease. It's taken once a day as a pill. Galantamine (Razadyne) is approved to treat mild to moderate Alzheimer's. It's taken as a pill once a day or as an... Rivastigmine (Exelon) is ... 3 commonly prescribed cholinesterase inhibitors: Aricept (donepezil) is approved for all stages of Alzheimer’s. Exelon (rivastigmine) is approved for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s. Razadyne (galantamine) is approved for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s. Side effects include nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite, and increased frequency of bowel ... Transdermal rivastigmine is also used to treat dementia in people with Parkinson's disease (a brain system disease with symptoms of slowing of movement, muscle weakness, shuffling walk, and loss of memory). Rivastigmine is in a class of medications called cholinesterase inhibitors. It improves mental function (such as memory and thinking) by ... Jun 27, 2023 · Washington, DC. 24.2 mi. Raymond Turner is a Neurologist in Washington, Washington, D.c.. Dr. Turner has been practicing medicine for over 35 years and is rated as a Distinguished doctor by MediFind in the treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. He is also highly rated in 2 other conditions, according to our data. Mayo Clinic Diagnosis To diagnose the cause of dementia, a health care professional must recognize the pattern of loss of skills and function. The care professional also determines what the person is still able to do. More recently, biomarkers have become available to make a more accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.Jun 7, 2021 · Dr. Richard Isaacson, director of the Alzheimer’s Prevention Clinic at Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian in New York, who had patients in the original aducanumab clinical studies ... Aug 7, 2023 · Cost of New Alzheimer's Drugs. Other issues that have been cited by some experts include the possibly prohibitive price tag: while biogen has reduced the original cost by nearly 50%, aducanumab ... Nov 8, 2021 · The new Alzheimer's drug Aduhelm isn't reaching many patients. And doctors say reasons include its high cost, insurers' reluctance to cover it, and lingering questions about whether it actually ... Transdermal rivastigmine is also used to treat dementia in people with Parkinson's disease (a brain system disease with symptoms of slowing of movement, muscle weakness, shuffling walk, and loss of memory). Rivastigmine is in a class of medications called cholinesterase inhibitors. It improves mental function (such as memory and thinking) by ... .

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